Canadian Grammar Spectrum 4

Canadian Grammar Spectrum is a series of grammar reference and practice books for ESL students. The books are set up in two-page spreads: a brief grammar explanation followed by exercises. The books are suitable as in-class resources, homework tools, or self-study aids.

Table of Contents

Words and sentences
Word classes: nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc.
Sentence structure: subject, verb, object, etc.
Direct and indirect objects

Verbs
Simple present
Present progressive
Simple past
Past progressive
Present perfect (1)
Present perfect (2): just, already, yet; for and since
Present perfect (3): ever, this week, etc.
Present perfect progressive
Past perfect
Past perfect progressive
Introduction to the future
Will and shall
Be going to
The verb have

Questions, negatives, and answers
Yes/no questions
Short answers
Question tags
So/Neither do I and I think so

Modal verbs
Permission: can, may, could, and be allowed to
Necessity: have to and must
Necessity: must not, doesn't need to, etc.

The Passive
Passive verb forms
Have something done

The Infinitive and the -ing form
Verb + to-infinitive
Verb + -ing form

Nouns and Articles
Countable and uncountable nouns
A carton of milk, a piece of information, etc.
Nouns that can be countable or uncountable
Singular or plural?
A/an and the
Place names and the

This, my, some, a lot of, etc.
This, that, these, and those
My, your, etc. and mine, yours, etc.
Some and any
A lot of, lots of, many, much, (a) few, and (a) little

Pronouns
Personal pronouns
There and it
The pronoun one/ones

Adjectives and adverbs
Adjectives
Adjective order
Comparative and superlative forms
Adverbs of degree

Prepositions
In, on, and at (place)
In, on, and at (time)
Preposition + noun

Verbs with Prepositions and Adverbs
Prepositional verbs

Reported Speech
Direct speech and reported speech

Conditionals and Wish
Zero and first conditionals (Real conditionals)
First and second conditionals (Real and unreal conditionals)
Second and third conditionals (Unreal and past conditionals)

Special Features

• Based on the successful Oxford Practice Grammar, the content in the Canadian Grammar Spectrum series has been classroom-tested for years
• Reference/practice pattern teaches grammar in a concise, easy-to-understand format
• Canadianization makes the series more relevant to students studying in Canada: grammar points are introduced and practised using Canadian context and terms